Split Case Pumps 101 | Types, Uses, and Benefits

Split Case Pumps 101: Your Guide to Types, Uses, and Benefits

When it comes to high-efficiency and reliable pumping solutions, split-case pumps stand out for their unique design and versatility. Whether you're considering these pumps for municipal water systems, cooling towers, or industrial operations, understanding their types, benefits, and applications is key to making the right decision.

This guide addresses common questions about split-case pumps and their applications in satisfying fluid transportation needs across various industries.

What Are Split Case Pumps?

Split case pumps are centrifugal pumps with a casing that "splits" apart to allow easy access to internal components. This unique design simplifies maintenance because technicians can inspect the pump's internals without disturbing its drive.

These pumps feature a between-the-bearings configuration, meaning bearings support the impeller on both sides. This stable setup minimizes vibrations, reduces wear and tear, and improves pumping efficiency compared to standard frame-mounted pumps.

Types of Split Case Pumps

Split-case pumps are classified based on how the casing splits, and each type offers unique advantages for specific applications.

Vertical Split Case Pumps

• Design: Minimal footprint, making them ideal for compact spaces.
• Use Cases: Suitable for high-pressure, high-temperature fluid applications.
• Trade-Off: Typically lower efficiency compared to horizontal designs.

Horizontal Split Case Pumps

• Design: Larger but more accessible casing, supporting simplified servicing.
• Efficiency: Offers efficiency rates exceeding 90%, making it the go-to choice for many industries.
• Use Cases: Works well for low-viscosity fluids and is commonly found in municipal water systems and cooling tower stations.

How Do Split Case Pumps Work?

Split case pumps operate on centrifugal force, like many other pumps. Here's a step-by-step breakdown of how they function:

1. Fluid Intake
   Fluid enters the pump through the suction inlet and is directed into the double-suction impeller.

2. Impeller Action
   The impeller spins rapidly, powered by an external energy source (usually a motor). The design of the split case pump allows fluid to be drawn evenly from both sides of the impeller.

3. Pressure Generation
   The centrifugal force generated by the impeller increases the fluid's velocity, converting it to pressure as it moves toward the pump discharge.

4. Discharge
   The high-pressure fluid exits the pump from the outlet, ready for use in the intended application.

The dual-suction design reduces the load on the pump bearings, minimizing wear and ensuring a stable Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) to avoid cavitation.

What Are the Benefits of Split Case Pumps?

Split case pumps offer several advantages, making them a preferred solution for rigorous and continuous applications.

1. Ease of Maintenance

The split casing allows technicians to inspect and service internal components without dismantling the entire pump structure. This saves time and reduces operational downtime.

2. High Efficiency

Horizontal split case pumps, in particular, reach impressive efficiency levels (above 90%), ensuring optimal performance for large-scale systems.

3. Long-Term Reliability

The between-the-bearings setup and double-suction impeller design reduce wear on components, enhancing durability and extending the pump's operational life.

4. Excellent NPSH Values

Due to the double-suction impeller design, split case pumps maintain a stable NPSH, mitigating the risk of cavitation and performance degradation.

Where Are Split Case Pumps Used?

Applications of Vertical Split Case Pumps

• High-pressure industrial systems
• Oil and water supply pipelines
• Ballast and cooling operations

Applications of Horizontal Split Case Pumps

Horizontal split case pumps are the most commonly used type and excel in applications requiring long-term performance and efficiency, including:

• Municipal Pumping
  Reliable water supply at constant pressure for communities and cities.
• Cooling Tower Systems
  Circulating water for cooling without frequent interruptions.
• Fire Protection Systems
  Meeting the demand for high-pressure water in emergencies.
• Industrial Processes
  Handling low-viscosity fluids in sectors like power generation, mining, and food production.

Specialized Uses

• Pumping slurry and sewage in wastewater treatment.
• Transporting chemicals like acids, organics, and oils in the chemical industry.

Frequently Asked Questions About Split Case Pumps

Q1: What are the key differences between vertical and horizontal split case pumps?

• Vertical pumps are more compact, but less efficient. Ideal for high-pressure, high-temperature fluids.
• Horizontal pumps are more common, highly efficient, and versatile for various applications.

Q2: What is the double-suction impeller, and why is it important?
The double-suction impeller design allows fluid intake from both sides, balancing the pressure and reducing bearing loads. This design improves efficiency and reduces wear on components.

Q3: Are split case pumps suitable for high-viscosity fluids?
No, split-case pumps are best suited for low-viscosity fluids. High-viscosity fluids require more energy to pump and are better suited for positive-displacement pumps.

Q4: How do split case pumps prevent cavitation?
Split-case pumps maintain excellent NPSH values, ensuring the suction pressure is sufficient to prevent cavitation during operation.

Q5: Should I choose a single-stage or multi-stage split case pump?

• Single-stage pumps are suitable for moderate pressure needs, like residential water supply.
• Multi-stage pumps handle higher pressures and are ideal for long pipelines or municipal systems.

How to Select the Right Split Case Pump

Choosing the ideal split case pump involves evaluating your system’s specific requirements.

• Fluid Properties
  Identify viscosity, temperature, and potential contaminants in the fluid.
• Pressure Needs
  Determine whether your system demands single-stage or multi-stage configurations.
• Operational Environment
  Consider space constraints, maintenance needs, and efficiency goals.

Why Choose Hayes Pump for Split Case Pumps?

Hayes Pump prides itself on more than a century of expertise in pump solutions. Whether you’re navigating options for single-stage or multi-stage configurations, we’re here to simplify your decision process.

• Expert Guidance
  Our knowledgeable engineers assess your system requirements to recommend the right split case pump.
• Trusted Brands
  We collaborate with leading manufacturers to ensure the delivery of top-quality products tailored to your specific needs.
• Comprehensive Support
  From consultation to after-sales assistance, Hayes Pump is your partner every step of the way.

Get in touch with us today to discuss your project, or explore our blog for more in-depth content on industrial pumps and their applications.